Broaching guide



April 25, 1933. G. J. RUSSELL 1,905,509

BROAGHING GUID Filed Jan. 50, 1930 guide;l te provide a stock having relatively rigid Patented Apr. 25, 1933 GEORGE J. RUSSELL, OF WALTHAM, MASSACHUSETTS BROACHING GUIDE Application led January 30, 1930. Serial No. 424,560.

rlhis invention relates to breaching andto breaching machines el the type in which thc rear end of the breach is supported inpreviously breached stock, the stock being advanced through an external guide or supporting chamber as successive pieces-ef stock are received from the breacli.- This external guide or supporting chamber has heretofore been provided with relatively rigid7 nonyieldable guiding surfaces as these have been considered necessaryfor guiding the stock and for enabling the latter to support the breach. It not infrequently happens that pieces of breached stock, as castings er`forg ings, for example, have irregularities en their exterior surfaces, er for some other reason fail to conform precisely tothe conteur of this guiding chamber. In such cases dificulties are encountered as the stock may lit loosely at seine points While others may rub and injure the guiding surfaces, or again a piece of stock as a Whole may be' too lai'ge or too small for the guide.

Objects of the pi'esent invention aie to improve the construction of breaching apparatus of the class described se as to overcome the above mentioned diiiiculties; te provide a yieldable support for the rear end of al breaching tool; to provide an .expansible and coiitractible stock receiving guide; te provide a stock receiving guide having relatively rigid guiding surfacescapable of unequal expansion along different radii of the n receiving guide guiding surfaces capable et simultaneous expansion and contraction along diiferent radii; and also te provide a stock receiving guide ef simple, ef-

A lcient, yet rugged and durable construction.

According to the present invention a guide of the class described may be formed of a number of members arranged te dcline a stock receiving passage and mounted for radial movement relative te the. enclosed passage. Resilient means such as springs may be arranged to act independently on themenibers defining the passage so as to tend te urge these members inwardly. Each of these members is then capable of movement independently of the others and hence it is assured that the passage will lit closely about pieces of steel; having' irregularities only about a portion 4of their peripheries The passage is also expansible and contractible te receive stock'fwhich maylbevoverv'er 55 under the standard size. f v

In-thel drawing: .f v Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a portion of a breaching machine; and c Figs.4 2 and 3 are y respectively sections 60 taken substantially along the lines 2-2 and 3 3 et Fig. 1.

Apparatus selected for illustrating the features of the present invention comprises a breaching machine having a framework or 65 bed plate 10 provided at the sides thereof with longitudinally disposed guideways 1l in which the cross-head or stock carrier `12 is mounted for reciprecatery motion for advancing stock 13 over the breaching tool l5. 70 A reciprocatory motion is imparted. te this .Cross-head threugh'piston rods 14-Which are connected to the cross-head 12 and which are also connected to pistons `(not shown) operating .inf the horizontal cylinders `16. 75 During the breaching ,operatioii, While the stock carrier 12 yis advanced from right te left, as shown in Fig. 1, the rear end of the breaching y tool engages an abutment 17 (Figsll 4and 2) which is heldin fixed posi- 80 tion during the` advance of thefsteck carrier but which isniovable out of engagement with the breachto permitremoval of previously breached pieces of stock, all as fully y set forth in myprior Patent N e. 1,481,437.l 8 The front-center 20 may also be advanced to engage the front end of the breaching tool 15 during the advance of the stock car'- rier, although theI use of this front-center is not essential to the practice of the present 90 invention. a When. the breaching operation is completed, the movable abutment is Withdrawn from engagement"with the breachl and the r stock carrier-is returned .to its Withdrawn position, er to the right as shown in Fig. l. During the aforesaid advance movement of the stock carrier the pieces of stock on the rear end of the breach are all advanced so 'that the forward pieceis'moved ell' from the 16B broach, and on to the abutment rod 17. As the abutment is withdrawn the forward piece falls from the abutment into the discharge chute 30. The broach is supported in previously broached pieces of stock 13, aS illustrated in Fig. 2, and these pieces of stock are slidably supported in an external guide 18, being advanced progressively through the guide as successive pieces of stock are advanced by the stock carrier from the broach to the guide. As these pieces of stock sometimes have irregularities on their exterior surfaces, it will be evident that difficulties will be encountered if such pieces are received in a guide having rigid nonyieldable guiding surfaces. To overcome difiiculties of this nature and to improve the construction of the apparatus,` the external guide `is mounted in upperandlower support members 19, 21 having registering opposed substantially semi-cylindrical recesses, 22, 23, the upper member preferably being in the form of a cap which is releasably secured to the lower member by means of bolt-s 24 extending through'the cap and engaging tapped and threaded holes in the lower member. This lower member is disposed transversely of the frame and rigidly connected thereto.

` The external guide is composed of a number of elongate members 26 preferably segmental in cross section and disposed' longitudinally within the semi-cylindrical recesses 22, 23 in the upper and lower support members. The inner longitudinal walls 27 of these elongate `members are shaped to conform substantially to the external con# tour of the stock 13 to bebroached, which in the present instance is cylindrical, and these interior longitudinal walls thus deine a guiding passage of substantially uniform cross section. The segmental members are also preferably composed of outer lining segments 28 which Vare united to inner stock engaging segments 29 in any approved manner, as by1meansror` screws (not shown). Previous to uniting these parts, the lining segments are bored at Icircumferentially spaced points toreceive slidably the Shanks of studs 31 aiiixed to the support members and projecting into the semi-cylindrical recesses 22, 23. The inner ends of the holes formed in the lining segments are also counlterbo'red slidably tov receive lthe heads 32 of these studs. The support Imembers have counter-bores 33 concentric with the respective studs in which coilsprings `34 are disposed about the studs for urging the'seg- `mental members inwardly. It will be seen that the cylindrical recess defined by the upper and lower support members 19, 21 limits the expansion'of the individual stock engagingmembers, and that the studs 31 serve as radial guides for guiding the stock engaging segments inwardly and outwardly,

inward movement of these segments bein limited by the heads on the studs. Each o the stock engaging segments is thus mov-` to these annular recesses and tit slidablyl therein, thereby assisting in securing the segmental members against longitudinal movement relative to the support members. The ends` of the stock engaging segments at the receiving end of the guide have outwardly directed flanges 41 adapted to overlie the support members and to transmit thereto the thrust received by the stock engaging segments during the advance of pieces of stock through this vexternal guide.

I claim:

1. In a breaching machine of the class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from' the broach and for supporting the stock with an end of the broach disposed therein, said external guide comprising members segmental in sec- "tion and arranged with their longitudinal for yieldably supporting the elongate memv bers.

3. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from the broach and for supporting the stock with any end of the broach disposed therein, said external guidey comprising-a series of longitudinally disposed members arranged side by side'substantially to enclose a space having sub? stantially uniform cross-sectional area from end to end, means for 'guiding the members for movement transversely of the enclosed space for varying the dimensions of the lat- Vso ter, and means for urging the members inwardly. Y

4. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from the broach and for supporting the stock with an end vof the broach disposed therein, said external guide comprising pairs of opposed members arranged substantially to enclose an elongate space having a substantially uniform cross section from end to end, means for guiding` the members of each pair for inward and outward movement substantially along one diameter, and yieldable means associated with each member independently for urging the members inwardly.

5. In a broaching machine of the class described, t'he combination of an external guide for receiving stock from the broach and for supporting the stock with an end ofthe broach disposed therein, said external guide comprising a support having a passage therein, guide. members affixed to the support and extending into the passage, elongate members in engagement with the guide members and having inner longitudinal walls defining a guide passage of substantially uniform cross section, and resilient means .for urging the elongate members inwardly.

6. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination offan external guide for receiving stock from the broach and for supporting the stock with an end of the broach disposed therein, said external guide comprising a support having a substantially cylindrical opening therein, elongate members disposed longitudinally withinthe cylindrical opening and having arcuate outer longitudinal walls substantially fitting the cylindrical opening, the elongate members having inner longitudinal walls arranged to define a passage of substantially uniform cross section, guide members projecting ra-v dially into the cylindrical opening, the elongate members having openings in which the guide members are slidably received, and means for urging the elongate members inwardly.

7. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from the broach and for supporting the stock with an end of the broach disposed therein, said external guide comprising upper and lower support members having registering and opposed substantially semi-cylindrical openings therein, releasable means for holding the upper and lower support members together, circumferentially spaced guides projecting into the semi-cylindrical openings of the upper and lower support members, elongated members disposed longitudinally about the periphery of the semi-cylindrical openings and having holes in which the guides are slidably re- -the walls thereof and ceived, and sp1-in s disposed about each guide for urging t e elongate members 1nwardly.

8. The combination as set forth in claim 5, and outwardly directed flanges on one end of the elongate members, said flanges extending outwardly beyond the passage in the support for engaging the support to hold the elongate members in position longitudinally thereof.

9. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from the broach and for supporting the stock with an end of the broach disposed therein, said external guide comprising a support having a passagev therein, circumferentially studs aixed to the supportand into the passage, heads on the ends of the studs,

projecting p proJectmg elongate members disspaced posed longitudinally Within the passage andl having inner longitudinal walls enclosing a space of substantially uniform cross section, the elongate members having holes slidably receiving the studs, the inner ends of the holes being counterbored slidably to receive the heads of the studs, and springs disposed about the studs for urging the elongate members inwardly.

10. In a broaching machine of thc class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from the broachv and for supporting the stock with an end of the broachrdisposed therein, said external guide comprising a transverse support having a longitudinal passage therethrough, the passage having an annular recess formed in spaced from the ends of the passage, longitudinally disposed members having complementary enlargements substantially ttingthe annular recess, the inner longitudinal walls of the longitudinally disposed members defining a stock receiving space of substantially uniform cross section, and means for yieldably supporting the longitudinally disposed members.

1l. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination of an external guide for receiving stock from thc broach and for supporting the stock with an end of the broach disposed therein, said externa-l guide comprising a transverse support having a longitudinal bore extending therethrough, said bore leaving a counterbore extending through the intermediate portion thereof, members disposed longitudinally within the bore and having complementary enlargements substantially fitting the counterbore, the inner longitudinal Walls of the members defining a stock'receiving space of substantially uniform cross section, and resilient means associated with each member independently for urging the members in- 11, 'and outwardly disposed flanges on one end of said members, said flanges extending beyond the bore into engagement with the support tor holding said` members against guide comprising av support having a passage therein. elongate mcm'bers disposed longitudinally Within the passage, complementary interfitting abutments on the elongate members and in the passage for holding the elongate members from longitudinal movement, the inner longitudinal Walls of the elongate members detining a stock receiving space of substantially uniform cross section, and means tork `vieldably supporting the elongate members.

14. In a breaching machine of the class described, the combination of means for supporting a broach and centering pieces ot stock thereon, said means comprising opposed Walls movable toward and from each other and engageable with pie-ces of stock on the broach to provide an expansible and contractible external guide, the opposed walls being positioned to receive stock moving axially along the broach, and means for holding the guide in position longitudinally of the broach. y

15. In a breaching machine of the class described, the combination of means for supporting a broachand centering pieces of stock thereon, said means comprising opposed walls movabletoward and from each other andengageable with pieces of stock on the broach to provide au expansible and contractible external guide, the opposed walls being positioned to receive stock moving axially along the broach, means for limiting expansion of the guide, and means for supporting the guide in position longitudinally of the broach.

16. In a breaching machine of the class described, the combination of means for supporting a broach and centering pieces of stock thereon, said means comprising opposed walls movable toward and from each other and engageable with pieces of stock upon the broach to provide an expansible and contractible external guide yfor receiving stock moving along the broach, the longitudinal axis of the guide substantially coinciding with the longitudinal axis ot' the broach, means for limiting contraction of the guide, and means Jfor supporting the guide in position longitudinally of the broach. v

17. In a breaching machine of the class described, the combinationof means for supporting al broach and centering pieces of stock thereon, said means comprising an expansible and contractible external guide for receiving stock from the broach and supporting the latter through the medium of saidstock, means providing for simultaneous and unequal expansion along ditt'crent diameters of the guide, and means for maintaining the guide in position longitudinally ot the broach.

18. In a breaching machine of the class described, the combination oi means for supporting a broach and centering pieces of stock thereon, said means comprising an expansible and contractible guide. providing a passage substantially coaxial' with the broach for receiving and supporting stock on the broach and supporting the latter through the medium ot such stock, means providing for lsinmltaneous expansion and contraction along different diameters ot the guide, and means for supporting the guide in position longitudinally of the broach.

19. In a broaching machine of the class described, the combination of means for supporting a broach and centering pieces otl stock thereon, said means comprising a circumferential ronof members disposed longitudinally of the broach, said members being engageable with pieces of stock on said broach for centering such pieces of stock and for supporting the broach through the medium ot such stock, said members detining a guiding passage having open ends through which stock may pass in moving along the broach, means for urging said members inwardly, and means for holding said members in position longitudinally of the broach.

20. In a broaching machine 'of the class described, the combination of means for supporting a broach and centering pieces of stock thereon, said means comprising a eircumferential rovv ofmembers disposedlongitudinally of the broach, said membersbeing engageable with pieces of stock on said broach for centering such pieces of stock and for supporting the broach' through the medium of such stock, said members defining a guiding passage having open ends through which stock may pass in moving along the broach, resilient means associated with `each member independently for urging said members inwardly, and means for holding'said members in position longitudinally of the broach.

Signed by me at this 27th day of January, 1930.

GEORGE J. RUSSELL.y

Boston, l\fIassaehusetts,l 

